Abbey- a monastery under the supervision of an abbot or a conventunder the supervision of an abbess.
Boyars- the Russian nobility.
Diocese- an ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop.
Excommunicate- to disallow someone from receiving the sacraments.
Fueros- laws used by the new colonies in Spain that were similar to those in the kingdoms the lived in before used to entice people to live in the new land.
Gregorian Chant- the plain song or cantus firmus used in the ritual of the Roman Catholic Church.
Heresy- the holding of religious doctrines different from the official teachings of the church.
Indulgences- in Christian theology, the remission of part or all of the temporal punishment in purgatory due to sin; granted for charitable contributions and other good deeds. Indulgences became a regular practice of the Christian church in the High Middle Ages, and their abuse was instrumental in sparking Luther's reform movement in the sixteenth century.
Interdict- a punishment by which the faithful,remaining in communion with the church, are forbiddencertain sacraments and prohibited from participation incertain sacred acts.
Lay Investiture- the practice in which someone other than a member of the clergy chose a bishop and invested him with the symbols of both his temporal office and his spiritual office; led to the Investiture Controversy, which was ended by compromise in the Concordat of Worms in 1122.
Mendicant- pertaining to or characteristic of a beggar.
Mudejares- a Muslim permitted to stay in Spain after the Christian reconquest.
Papal Curia- the administrative staff of the Catholic Church, composed of cardinals who assist the pope in running the church.
Purgatory- defined by the Catholic Church as the place where souls went after death to be purged of punishment for sins committed in life.
Reconquista- in Spain, the reconquest of Muslim lands by Christian rulers and their armies.
Relics- the bones of Christian saints or objects intimately associated with saints that were considered worthy of veneration.
Repartimiento- the dividing of property among the new colonists and those who made the conquests.
Sultan- "holder of power." A title taken by Turkish leaders who took command of the Abbasid Empire in 1055.
Boyars- the Russian nobility.
Diocese- an ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop.
Excommunicate- to disallow someone from receiving the sacraments.
Fueros- laws used by the new colonies in Spain that were similar to those in the kingdoms the lived in before used to entice people to live in the new land.
Gregorian Chant- the plain song or cantus firmus used in the ritual of the Roman Catholic Church.
Heresy- the holding of religious doctrines different from the official teachings of the church.
Indulgences- in Christian theology, the remission of part or all of the temporal punishment in purgatory due to sin; granted for charitable contributions and other good deeds. Indulgences became a regular practice of the Christian church in the High Middle Ages, and their abuse was instrumental in sparking Luther's reform movement in the sixteenth century.
Interdict- a punishment by which the faithful,remaining in communion with the church, are forbiddencertain sacraments and prohibited from participation incertain sacred acts.
Lay Investiture- the practice in which someone other than a member of the clergy chose a bishop and invested him with the symbols of both his temporal office and his spiritual office; led to the Investiture Controversy, which was ended by compromise in the Concordat of Worms in 1122.
Mendicant- pertaining to or characteristic of a beggar.
Mudejares- a Muslim permitted to stay in Spain after the Christian reconquest.
Papal Curia- the administrative staff of the Catholic Church, composed of cardinals who assist the pope in running the church.
Purgatory- defined by the Catholic Church as the place where souls went after death to be purged of punishment for sins committed in life.
Reconquista- in Spain, the reconquest of Muslim lands by Christian rulers and their armies.
Relics- the bones of Christian saints or objects intimately associated with saints that were considered worthy of veneration.
Repartimiento- the dividing of property among the new colonists and those who made the conquests.
Sultan- "holder of power." A title taken by Turkish leaders who took command of the Abbasid Empire in 1055.